aminfakhar
ارسالها : | 12 |
عضويت : | 14 /2 /1393 |
محل زندگي : | شیراز |
یاهو : | amin.fakhar1373 |
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زبان فنی تخصصی
Surveying can be defind as: The acquiring and/or accumulation of qualitive information and quantitative and data by observing, counting, classifying, and recording according to need . This broad description involves two basic practices used in surveying . The first is the measurement of data between existing phenomenons. For example, it entails the measurement of angles and distances between points in a traverse. The second activity is the location of phenomenon on the eart such as the staking of a road centerline on a highway construction project from design plans….These methods may include any means capable of maintaining the necessary tolerances as required by the Standard specifications and by the Resident engineer. Except for any contractual restrictions, the Contractors system for guiding the actual construction is the contractors choice. The density of stakes, as defined by this document, will not be increased. When conditions permit, fewer construction stakes will be set.Valuable surveying instruments were produced in the 19th and 20th centuries. Most of them were designed and manufactured in Europe.They are grouped into four categories: Scientific and Mathematical Instruments, Theodolites, leveling Instruments and EDM (Electronic Distance Measurement) Instruments. The surveyors work is very diverse. While it can involve both design and advocacy skills, it also involves the study of land and resource management law as well as the use of computer technology for data management.In this chapter you will learn about principles of optics and electronic of surveyin instrumens. For example, telescope, reading and pointing system, optical plummet ant etc are component in optical instrument.Electronic distance and angle measureing (EDM, EAM) and field book instruments are principles of electronical of surveyin instrumens. Instruments used in surveying operations to measure vertical angles, horizontal angles, and distance. Such devices were originally mechanical only, but technological advances led to mechanical-optical devices, optical-electronic devices, and finally, electronic-only devices.
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جمعه 29 آبان 1394 - 10:25 |
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